{"id":928,"date":"2020-09-01T13:05:21","date_gmt":"2020-09-01T13:05:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/grasac.artsci.utoronto.ca\/?p=928"},"modified":"2021-02-18T19:58:44","modified_gmt":"2021-02-18T19:58:44","slug":"recent-articles-a-historical-anniversary-and-an-important-court-case","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/grasac.artsci.utoronto.ca\/?p=928","title":{"rendered":"Recent Articles: A Historical Anniversary and an Important Court Case"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

by Karl Hele<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Fred Loft (image from Six Nations Legacy Consortium Collection, Six Nations Public Library).<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

League of Indians Founding at Sault Ste. Marie<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

 On 4 September 1919 more than 30 Chiefs assembled at Sault Ste. Marie\u2019s YMCA to draft a constitution along with Frederick Ogilvie Loft for the League of Indians. During the meeting Loft and the Chiefs attempted to present the future King Edward VIII, who was visiting the Sault, with a petition.  The League, according to Loft, wanted to address Parliament directly, see improvements in First Nations\u2019 education and health care, as well as establish Indigenous control of reserves and recognition of treaty rights. Delegates to the convention also critiqued Indian Affairs\u2019 abuse of powers.  Indian Affairs through its agent at the Sault denied that the League spoke for Indians. Others agents attempted to associate the League with the \u2018radical left\u2019 of the day \u2013 the Bolsheviks.  Regardless, both demands of and opposition to the League of Indians foreshadowed modern day conversations about Aboriginal and treaty rights. The League of Indians disappeared by the 1930s, but its last official vestige became the Indian Association of Alberta (IAA). The IAA then went on to be a key founder of the National Indian Brotherhood and subsequent Assembly of First Nations.  Hence, the League did represent the voice and interests of First Nations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Read Article Here<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Recent Court Decision on Enfranchisement from 1951 to 1985<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

On 31 July 2020 the Quebec Superior Court in Montreal ruled<\/a> that the Indian Registrar\u2019s application of voluntary enfranchisement to single unmarried Indian women from 1951 to 1985 was erroneous.  This case arose out of the denial of application for registration<\/a> based on the rational that the child\u2019s grandmother had voluntarily enfranchised under the terms of the Indian Act, specifically section 108(1) in 1965. During the submission process and the verbal arguments it became apparent that the modifications to registration reinforced or codified the enfranchisement provisions pre-Bill C-31 though the various clauses of section 6 of the modern Indian Act. Justice Barin held that in denying the application the Registrar \u201cin a way required the Indigenous peoples of Canada and Canadian society at large to continue to assume the unfortunate consequences of an undesired past.\u201d This decision<\/a>, if the Crown does not appeal, will help many women who were incorrectly allowed to voluntarily enfranchise between 1951 and 1985. It also potentially sets a precedent or a guideline for judges interpreting the application of the Indian Acts\u2019 provisions \u2013 for one must assume that \u201cthe legislature says what it means and means what it says\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Read Article Here<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

by Karl Hele League of Indians Founding at Sault Ste. Marie  On 4 September 1919 more than 30 Chiefs assembled at Sault Ste. Marie\u2019s YMCA to draft a constitution along with Frederick Ogilvie Loft for the League of Indians. During the meeting Loft and the Chiefs attempted to present the future King Edward VIII, who…<\/p>\n

Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-928","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-newsletter-stories","7":"entry","8":"has-post-thumbnail"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/grasac.artsci.utoronto.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/928","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/grasac.artsci.utoronto.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/grasac.artsci.utoronto.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/grasac.artsci.utoronto.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/grasac.artsci.utoronto.ca\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=928"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/grasac.artsci.utoronto.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/928\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":980,"href":"https:\/\/grasac.artsci.utoronto.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/928\/revisions\/980"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/grasac.artsci.utoronto.ca\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=928"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/grasac.artsci.utoronto.ca\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=928"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/grasac.artsci.utoronto.ca\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=928"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}