Overview
Dates
- July 23 – August 7, 1701
Places
- Montréal
Nations and Representatives
- France
- Represented by Louis Hector de Callière (Governor General of New France, representing King Louis XIV)
- Senaca
- Represented by Tekanoet, Aouenano, Tonatakout, and Toarenguenion
- Onondaga
- Represented by Ohonsiowanne
- Cayuga
- Represented by Garonhiaron
- Oneida
- Represented by Soueouon
- Amikwa
- Represented by Mahingan
- Fox/Outagami
- Represented by Noro and Miskouensa
- Huron-Petun/Tionontati
- Represented by Kondiaronk, Houatsaranti, and Quarante Sols
- Illinois (Kaskakias, Peorias, Tapouaros, Maroas, Coiracoetanons, and Moingwenas)
- Represented by Onanguicé (Potawatomi ogimaa)
- Mascouten
- Represented by Kiskatapi
- Menominee
- Represented by Paintage
- Miami (of the St. Joseph River, Piankashaws, Ouiatenons)
- Represented by Chichicatalo
- Mississauga
- Represented by Onanguicé (Potawatomi ogimaa)
- Nipissing
- Represented by Onaganiouitak
- Odawa (Sable Odawa, Kiskakons, Sinago Odawa, Nassawaketon)
- Represented by Outoutagan/Jean Le Blanc, Kinongé/Le Brochet, Hassaki, Kileouiskingié, Chingouessi, Outaliboi, and Elaouesse
- Ojibwe/Saulteur
- Represented by Ouabangué
- Potawatomi
- Represented by Onanguicé and Ouenemek
- Sauk
- Represented by Coluby and Onanguicé (Potawatomi ogimaa)
- Cree
- Gens des Terres
- Kickapoo
- Timiskaming
- Winnebago/Puant/Otchagra
Negotiations
- Peace among the parties
- French arbitration
- Extension of the Dish With One Spoon Treaty
Prior Negotiations
- Dish With One Spoon Treaty, mid-1100s
- French conferences, 1688-1701
Subsequent Negotiations
- Burlington Bay Council, 1815
- Renewals of Anishinaabeg-Haudenosaunee relationships, 1840, 1849
Sources
Primary Documents
- The Great Peace of Montréal, 1701. Treaty document in French, featuring pictographic signatures.
- Library and Archives Canada. MIKAN 3050235, folio 44
- Digitized copy available through the Canadian Museum of History. https://www.historymuseum.ca/history-hall/great-peace-montreal-treaty/
Heritage Items
- None identified yet
Language Items
- odriyohsrędaˀǫh (verbal noun, Gayogoho:nǫˀ (Cayuga)): peace (literally, the war has ended)
- waan’kii (vai, Nishnaabemwin (Odawa/Eastern Ojibwe)): be safe [from danger], live in peace, live undisturbed
Secondary Sources
- Havard, Gilles. The Great Peace of Montréal of 1701: French-Native Diplomacy in the Seventeenth Century. Translated by Phyllis Aronoff and Howard Scott. Montréal & Kingston: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2001.
- Jaenen, Cornelius J., & Andrew McIntosh. “Great Peace of Montreal, 1701.” The Canadian Encyclopedia (7 February 2006).
Other
- Pointe-à-Callière Montréal Archaeology and History Complex. “The Great Peace of Montréal.” Webpage. https://pacmusee.qc.ca/en/stories-of-montreal/article/the-great-peace-of-montreal/.
- Canadian Museum of History. “The Great Peace of Montréal Treaty.” Webpage. https://www.historymuseum.ca/history-hall/great-peace-montreal-treaty/
- Parks Canada. “Treaty of Montréal in 1701 National Historic Event.” Plaque. https://www.pc.gc.ca/apps/dfhd/page_nhs_eng.aspx?id=1937
If you have information, events, or sources to add to this page, or if you would like to make a correction to it, please contact us by clicking here. Miigwetch, nia:wen, merci, thank you.
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